The base material of indoor wall panels is the core material of wall panels, which usually determines the key performance of wall panels such as strength, stability, and durability.
Different base materials will affect the structure, appearance, and applicable scenarios of wall panels.
In the building materials market, there are 6 commonly used indoor wall panel substrates, namely, density board, particle board, OSB board, multi-layer board, ecological board, and solid wood board. Each substrate has different characteristics and advantages. When choosing indoor wall decoration panels, you can make appropriate choices based on the needs of the application scenario and the project budget!
The density board is a board made of wood fiber or other plant fiber, urea-formaldehyde resin, or other suitable adhesive, and heated and pressed.
Density boards can be divided into high-density fiberboard, medium-density fiberboard, and low-density fiberboard according to their density.
The density range of low-density boards is usually less than 0.65g/cm³, the density range of medium-density boards is between 0.65g/cm3 and 0.80g/cm³, and the density range of high-density boards is ≥0.80g/cm³.
Density board has the characteristics of low density, lightweight but high strength, good thermal stability, not easy to deform and expand, and can withstand large static loads.
Secondly, it has good waterproof and fireproof properties, is not easily corroded by water, and is suitable for humid environments with high fire protection requirements.
The density board is made of recycled materials. This type of board has low production costs and is usually suitable for engineering projects with very low budgets.
In addition, this type of board also has a variety of design options to meet different aesthetic needs and usage requirements.
However, the nail-holding force of the density board is worse than that of the particle board. If the screws loosen after tightening, it is difficult to fix them in place.
Good processing performance
Due to the uniform internal structure of the density board, it is easy to cut, carve, and shape, and is usually used for various furniture surface decorations and interior wall decorations.
In addition, its surface is easy to paint and can be processed with various coatings, paints, and other dyes, so it is the preferred substrate for paint-type boards.
Smooth and flat surface
Density board has a smooth and flat surface, which is easy to paint and veneer, and can present high-quality decorative effects.
It has flexible finishing customization capabilities. For example, wood grain veneer, printed paper, PVC film, melamine-impregnated paper, and lightweight metal plates can be customized, making it a building material with extremely diverse decorative effects.
Good stability
The density board has a uniform structure, is not easy to deform, and will not have problems such as dehydration.
If the hard density board is punched, drilled, etc., it can also be made into a sound-absorbing board for engineering projects.
High Strength
Compared to other common woods, MDF is less likely to warp or crack and can withstand greater pressure and weight.
Good environmental performance
The raw materials of density board are natural wood fiber, which is relatively environmentally friendly, and these materials can be recycled and will not pollute the environment.
Then, since density board is a material made of wood fiber material and resin adhesive, glue is used in its production process, so the use of inferior glue for bonding may cause it to release harmful substances such as formaldehyde when used for interior decoration in the later stage.
High cost-effectiveness
Compared with other wood-based panels, density boards have the advantages of low cost and easy mass production.
Poor waterproof performance
Compared with PVC and stone plastic boards, density board has poor waterproof performance and is not suitable for installation in humid environments.
Because its internal structure is powdery, it is easy to expand after absorbing water, causing the board to deform.
Therefore, if a density board is used as interior decoration material, strict waterproof treatment is usually required, such as brushing waterproof paint.
Poor nail-holding force
The density board has poor nail-holding force. Its fiber material structure is prone to deformation and damage during the nailing process. When nailing, its internal material cannot form a good bite force on the nail, making the nail installation unstable.
Low hardness
Compared with high-density materials such as solid wood, the surface of the density board is easily scratched and has poor wear resistance.
In addition, its load-bearing capacity is limited and it is easy to deform when carrying heavy objects for a long time.
Safety issues exist
Since density boards require a lot of glue during the production process, they may contain high formaldehyde content, which will affect indoor air quality and cause harm to human health.
Density boards are widely used in interior decoration.
First, density boards can be used to make various household items, such as desks, wardrobes, cabinets, bedside tables, etc.
Secondly, density boards can also be used as wall decoration materials. Such as walls, ceilings, partitions, and other decorations.
In addition, density boards can also be used as the base material of laminate flooring, as well as door and window frames.
Particleboard is made of various branches, small-diameter wood, fast-growing wood, sawdust, etc., as basic raw materials. These fiber materials are crushed and dried, added with adhesives, and pressed under high temperature and high pressure.
Its core comprises larger wood particles, and both sides are covered with finer fibers or particles.
This board's structure makes it easy to cut and punch during processing. Its flat surface is suitable for various veneers and paints.
Compared with other boards, particleboard has lower production costs and poorer moisture resistance.
Multi-layer material structure
Particleboard is made of wood chips or plant fibers pressed together and has a three-layer structure. Usually, the core layer consists of larger particles, while the surface layer is finer.
Easy to cut and process
Particle board is easy to cut, drill, and fix, suitable for a variety of interior furniture designs.
Can be processed by various techniques
The surface of the particleboard is smooth and suitable for various veneer and paint processes, which can provide a better decorative effect.
Cost-effective
Compared with density board, particle board also has cost advantages. Its manufacturing cost is low, making it the preferred material for engineering projects with limited budgets.
Good decorative effect
The surface of particleboard is smooth and delicate, without knots or wormholes, and has high physical and mechanical strength.
Secondly, due to its special particle structure, it has good stability and is not easy to deform.
Similarly, this type of board is suitable for various veneer and coating treatments, which can achieve rich decorative effects.
Good processing performance
The density of particleboard is higher than that of ordinary solid wood, with good mechanical properties, easy to cut, punch, and fix, suitable for diversified design customization.
Strong nail-holding power
The particleboard has a cross-grain structure inside, which gives it good nail-holding power and can firmly fix screws and nails, making it suitable for making various furniture and decorative pieces.
Price advantage
The production process of particleboard is relatively simple and the production cost is low, which is very suitable for home decoration or engineering projects with limited budget.
Environmentally friendly
Made of recycled wood, it meets the environmental protection requirements of green decoration.
Since it usually uses waste wood chips as raw materials, the particle size of its wood fibers is larger, so the content of adhesive used is relatively low, so it is more environmentally friendly.
Poor moisture resistance
Similar to density board, particle board also has poor moisture resistance and is prone to swelling or deformation after absorbing water, so it is not suitable for installation in a humid environment.
There is a problem of difficulty in fixing
Compared with solid wood wall panels, particleboard has weaker nail-holding power. If particleboard is used as a wall decoration material to fix the wall, it is easy to loosen and fall off over time.
Easy to crack and peel
The surface covering of particleboard is easy to crack and peel, whether it is natural cracking or surface damage caused by human factors. Once the surface is damaged, it is easy to expose the ugly internal structure and it is difficult to repair.
In addition, its edges are also prone to cracking during processing, so edge sealing is required.
Weak structure
Compared with solid wood wall panels, particleboard is less strong. Once subjected to excessive pressure or external impact, the board is prone to breakage. For example, when used to stack heavy objects.
Short lifespan
Compared to solid wood boards, particleboards have a relatively short lifespan. They are prone to scratches and aging, so they need to be replaced regularly.
Poor visual effect
Although particleboard has more advantages in surface treatment technology, its texture and color are slightly inferior to solid wood wallboard, and it cannot fully replicate the natural beauty of wood.
Environmental issues
After all, particleboard is essentially made of wood chips and glue, and it also contains glue, which is not the best choice for those environments with high safety requirements.
Particleboard is suitable for making furniture that does not need to bear too much weight, such as wardrobes, cabinets, bookshelves, etc. It has a smooth surface and is easy to process and paint, which can meet the requirements of modern furniture appearance design.
Secondly, particleboard is also often used to make interior wall decoration materials, providing a modern and simple appearance for the home environment.
In addition, particleboard is also commonly used to make furniture such as bookcases, desks, and dining tables. Its stability and durability make it an ideal material for making furniture.
On the other hand, particleboard can also be used as a substrate for laminate flooring and for making floor structures, etc.
Although particle board is generally suitable for home environments, it is still not suitable for installation in humid places, such as our kitchens, bathrooms, etc.
European pine board mainly uses small-diameter wood and fast-growing thinning wood from soft-needle broad-leaved tree species. The wood is cut into slender blocks through a special process, arranged into a criss-cross structure, and then bonded under high temperature and high pressure to form an artificial board.
Its internal structure is similar to that of natural wood, with high strength, good stability, and excellent bending and moisture resistance.
Compared with traditional plywood, European pine board has a higher material utilization rate and better cost performance.
High Strength
The European pine board adopts a criss-cross structural design, which has high strength and compressive resistance and is suitable for load-bearing structures.
Strong stability
Due to its uniform internal structure and small deformation coefficient, it is not easy to bend or break.
Good moisture-proof performance
OSB boards that have undergone special waterproofing treatment usually have good moisture-proof performance and are suitable for use in wet areas such as our kitchens and bathrooms.
Easy to process
OSB board has uniform texture and is easy to cut, drill, slot, and other processing operations, suitable for various construction and decoration projects.
Environmentally friendly materials
European pine board uses fast-growing forest wood as raw material, and the base material is environmentally friendly. If more environmentally friendly adhesives are used during the processing process, the final board will also have higher environmental performance.
Good decorative effect
The surface is smooth and flat with natural wood grain and color, and after sanding and painting, it has an exquisite appearance and good durability.
High strength and good durability
OSB's high strength and good durability are one of its significant advantages. Due to its internal fiber structure and high density of impregnated resin, it can withstand greater pressure and weight, is not easy to deform, and can maintain good stability during long-term use.
In addition, flame retardants are added during the production process, which also gives it certain flame retardant properties, which can delay the spread of fire in the event of a fire.
Good moisture-proof performance
OSB board has been specially treated with waterproofing and has good waterproofing performance. It can be used in humid environments such as kitchens, bathrooms, and basements.
Easy to process
It has a uniform texture and is easy to cut, drill, and slot, making it suitable for various construction and decoration projects.
In addition, it has good stability and will not show obvious thermal expansion and contraction.
Good environmental performance
OSB board is produced with formaldehyde-free MDI glue, and the finished product has extremely low formaldehyde content, which can meet the European environmental protection standard EN30012.
The surface decoration effect is slightly inferior
Compared with solid wood boards, the surface texture of OSB is not as smooth as other boards, so additional processing is required to achieve the desired treatment effect.
Not resistant to high temperatures
If OSB is exposed to high temperatures for a long time, it will easily fade and deform, thereby reducing its overall strength and stability.
Higher price
Compared with traditional solid wood boards, the price of OSB is relatively high, mainly due to its production process and raw material costs.
Heavy
OSB has a higher density and is heavier than other boards, which increases handling and installation costs.
Wall and ceiling decoration
OSB is often used for wall coverings and ceilings, with good structural stability and decorative performance.
Floor substrate
Due to its durability and load-bearing capacity, OSB can be used as a floor substrate. After strict waterproofing, it is also suitable for ground foundations in humid environments.
Furniture manufacturing
OSB is suitable for making various cabinets, bookshelves, and other furniture, with good durability and processing performance.
Partition walls and soundproof walls
OSB has a dense structure and good sound insulation effect, making it an ideal choice for indoor wall partition materials.
The multilayer board, also known as plywood, is a man-made board made of multiple layers of wood (usually an odd number of layers) stacked together, bonded and pressed with adhesive.
The fiber directions of each layer of wood are staggered to enhance the strength and stability of the board.
Various decorative materials, such as veneer or coating, can be attached to the surface of a multilayer board to increase its decorativeness and aesthetics.
Strong stability
Multilayer boards are highly stable and are made of wood with different grain directions stacked in an interlaced manner, which reduces the internal stress of the wood and makes the boards highly resistant to bending and deformation.
In addition, multilayer boards are durable and resistant to compression, with a tough texture, and are not easily deformed or cracked.
High strength
The multilayer board has a tight structure and can withstand large external impacts, so it is widely used in furniture, construction, and other industries.
Good environmental performance
Similarly, multilayer boards are made of logs, and the raw materials are environmentally friendly. However, glue is needed in the production process, so the environmental performance of the board depends largely on the environmental performance of the glue.
Good plasticity
It is also easy to process, and the surface can be fitted with different decorative materials to match the needs of different decorative projects.
The multi-layer board is light in weight and easy to carry and install. In addition, it has strong compressive resistance, is not easy to deform and crack, and can adapt to different usage environments.
Secondly, it also has good thermal insulation performance.
In addition, it has a price advantage over solid wood wallboard.
The surface of the multi-layer board is also smooth and easy to clean and maintain, which means you only need to spend less time on post-cleaning and maintenance.
The surface of multi-layer boards is usually not as wear-resistant as solid wood wall panels, so you need to pay attention to the protection of their surface during use.
Secondly, multi-layer boards need to be glued during the production process, so when choosing them as interior decoration profiles, you need to pay attention to the environmental protection standards of their glue.
In addition, their surfaces are generally not carved, and the decorative effect is relatively simple. If they are carved on their surfaces, it may cause damage to the board surface or burrs.
Moreover, multi-layer boards cannot be exposed to humid environments for a long time and need to be avoided from direct sunlight.
Multilayer boards have various applications in interior decoration, mainly including furniture manufacturing, wall decoration, ceilings, floors, etc. These applications are not only due to the superior physical properties of multilayer boards but also because of their good visual effects and environmental protection characteristics.
Eco-board is a kind of building material, also known as paint-free board or melamine board. It is a decorative board made by soaking paper of different colors or textures in eco-board resin adhesive, drying to a certain degree of solidification, laying on the surface of particleboard, moisture-proof board, medium-density fiberboard, plywood, blockboard or other hard fiberboard, and then hot pressing.
Eco-boards are usually bonded with environmentally friendly glue, contain almost no harmful substances, and meet environmental standards.
Secondly, they can be made into a variety of finishes. Such as wood grain, cloth grain, stone grain, and other textures to meet different style requirements.
In addition, this type of board also has the characteristics of easy processing, cutting, and installation. When used as an interior decoration material, it can be installed quickly.
Eco-board is environmentally friendly, has a long service life, has a wood grain texture, and is easy to process.
In addition, its surface is smooth and flat and can be treated with various paints to increase decorativeness.
Like other boards, it is also easy to cut and process, suitable for customized processing.
Low formaldehyde content
Compared with traditional boards, ecological boards are also made by artificial bonding. Although the amount of glue used in the processing is not much, it will also release harmful substances such as formaldehyde. It is necessary to test the formaldehyde content when purchasing and long-term ventilation is required when using it, and some formaldehyde removal materials are needed to reduce its harm to the human body.
Easy to be affected by moisture and deform
Ecological boards easily absorb moisture in a humid environment, causing moisture, deformation, and cracking.
Higher price
High-quality eco-boards are usually more expensive, especially those with a higher environmental rating, so they are likely to increase the project budget cost.
Poor durability
In terms of impact resistance, eco-board is slightly inferior to solid wood wallboard. The durability of eco-boards with different substrates varies greatly, and once the surface is damaged, it is difficult to repair.
Ecological boards are widely used indoors, mainly in furniture making, wall decoration, floor paving, etc.
Solid wood board substrate is a material made of complete logs, which is strong and durable, with a clear texture and a natural wood aroma and texture.
This material is usually made of a whole piece of wood and does not contain any artificial synthetic materials, so it retains the natural beauty and unique texture of wood.
In addition, its durability and environmental protection are superior to many other materials, and it is often used in interior design that pursues high quality and natural style.
Natural material, clear texture
Solid wood boards are made of natural wood, with the most realistic wood grain and natural texture. Their texture is unmatched by other artificial boards, so their price will also be very expensive.
Strong texture
It has high strength and load-bearing capacity and can withstand greater pressure and wear, so it is suitable for structural furniture or load-bearing parts.
Best environmental performance
Solid wood panels do not contain harmful chemicals and do not release harmful gases such as formaldehyde. Therefore, compared with other synthetic panels, they have the best environmental performance.
Good moisture absorption and air permeability
Solid wood boards have good moisture absorption and air permeability, which helps to regulate indoor humidity and maintain air quality.
Solid wood boards have the natural texture and beauty of wood, are durable, and have a long service life.
Secondly, solid wood boards have high density and good sound absorption, which can effectively reduce indoor noise and help you create a comfortable home environment.
In addition, among many wallboard substrates, solid wood boards are the most environmentally friendly. Natural wood is used as the core board substrate. No splicing is required during the production process, and the core layer is extremely environmentally friendly.
It has strong plasticity and can be carved, polished, painted, etc., which is suitable for personalized design projects.
Solid wood boards are usually more expensive, prone to cracking and deformation, difficult and time-consuming to process, and are costly and susceptible to insect damage.
Solid wood boards are often used in high-end decoration projects because of their natural, environmentally friendly, and durable characteristics.
Solid wood boards can be used to make high-end furniture, such as beds, bedside tables, tables and chairs, wardrobes, TV background walls, etc.
Secondly, they can also be used for floor decoration in high-end home spaces.
In addition, its solid texture is also often used to make wooden doors, door frames, stair handrails, stair treads, etc.
It can be seen that there are many types of interior wall panel substrates, mainly 6 types: density board, particle board, European pine board, multi-layer board, ecological board, and solid wood board, each with its characteristics.
Density boards and particle boards have strong processing performance, and high-cost performance, and are suitable for large-area applications. OSB and multi-layer boards have high strength and good stability and are widely used in wall and furniture manufacturing. Eco-board emphasizes environmental protection performance. Solid wood boards are famous for their natural wood grain and excellent quality.
In short, the choice of substrate depends on design requirements, project budget, and functional requirements. Each material can play its best advantages in specific scenarios.
